In addition, research was directed toward understanding genetic variation within microalgal populations and to develop methods to screen for high-lipid subpopulations within algal cultures. The knowledge of the biochemistry and physiology of lipid synthesis, combined with basic studies on microalgal molecular biology, was used in the later years of the project in attempts to use genetic engineering to develop microalgal strains with optimal properties of growth and lipid production. Sriharan and coworkers was to study the effects of nutrient deprivation and temperature on growth and lipid production in microalgae with potential for liquid fuel production. All the reports generated by this laboratory during the subcontract describe a virtually identical set of experiments performed on several species of microalgae. The benefit of this approach is that the productivity data can be compared between the species. However, the flaws in experimental design and reporting were carried through all experiments and reports. The basic design for these experiments was to grow the algal cells in batch cultures in media that contained either "sufficient" or "deficient" levels of N or Si, and to test for algal growth rate, productivity, and lipid production. Exponentially growing cells were inoculated into fresh media containing high or low levels of Si or N. Growth was monitored by measuring the optical density of the culture, and the growth rate was reported as the number of cell doublings per day. In Hantzschia, lipids increased from 29% to 53%, and in Navicula saprophila, lipids increased from 26% to 44%. In all cases, the increase in total lipids was due to increases in both the neutral lipid and polar lipid fractions. In several cases, the ratio of neutral 68 A Look Back at the Aquatic Species Program-Technical Review National Renewable Energy Laboratory lipids to polar lipids increased significantly in the nutrient-stressed cells. Sriharan also presented data comparing the fatty acid profiles of lipids from diatoms grown under nutrient-sufficient and nutrient-deficient conditions. Although the data was incomplete, it indicated that changes in the fatty acid composition (lipid quality) did occur in nutrient-stressed cells, suggesting that nutrient deprivation can affect the lipid biosynthetic pathways. In all cases nutrient-deficiency resulted in a decreased rate of cell growth and a decrease in total cell productivity. Therefore, an increase in lipid as a percentage of cell mass may not be economically advantageous for liquid fuel production from mass-cultured algae if the conditions that induce lipid accumulation also result in a significant drop in total biomass, and thus in total lipid produced. In general, these calculations demonstrated an increase in lipid content of the cultures induced by nutrient stress, in the range of a 20% to 30% increase in total lipid. The results reported here clearly suggest that algal productivity is increased under nutrientsufficient conditions and at elevated temperatures. However, it is difficult to determine the validity of the data presented regarding nutrient-deprivation as a lipid trigger. Therefore, it cannot be determined if the low nutrient levels limited growth throughout the period of the experiment, or whether the nutrients became depleted and the lipid effects correlated with a decrease in cell division, as reported elsewhere. In several experiments, the authors reported that the cultures were only harvested when lipid droplets were seen in the cells, although this would seem to bias experiments designed to test nutrient effects on lipid production. All in all, it is difficult to determine whether the experiments were badly performed, or just poorly reported. Sriharan was difficult to interpret for these reasons; however, several general conclusions can be made. Many species produce constitutively high levels of lipid, and the level of lipid as a percentage of biomass can be increased by growing the cells under nutrient-limited conditions (the data presented here suggests that N-limitation may be more effective than Silimitation). A Look Back at the Aquatic Species Program-Technical Review 69 National Renewable Energy Laboratory Publications: Sriharan, S. Genetic Variation in High Energy Yielding Microalgae Subcontractor: Principal Investigator: Period of Performance: Subcontract Numbers: City College of the City University of New York Jane C.
Syndromes
During the middle decades of the 20th century, several women claimed to be a Romanov princess, because even before the bones were recovered there had been rumors that one of the girls, Anastasia, had escaped the clutches of the Bolsheviks and fled to the West. One of the most famous of these claimants was Anna Anderson, whose case was first widely publicised in the 1920s. There have also been various people claiming to be descended from Tsarevich Alexei. Finding out if a fetus is a boy or a girl is usually delayed until the anatomical differences have developed and the sex can be identified by scanning, but under some circumstances an earlier indication of sex is desirable. An example is when the pedigree of the family indicates that an unborn male might suffer from an inherited disease and the parents wish to make an early decision about whether to continue the pregnancy. Male and female skeletons can be distinguished if key bones such as the skull or the pelvis are intact, but with fragmentary remains, or those of young children, there are not enough sex-specific anatomical differences for a confident identification to be made. All of these possibilities could occur with archaeological specimens, especially those that have been buried in the ground and become contaminated with humic acids and other compounds known to inhibit many of the enzymes used in molecular biology research. It is one of the few genes that are present on the Y chromosome and, like many of these genes, there is also a copy on the X chromosome. The development of the amelogenin system for sex identification is having an important impact in archaeology. No longer is it necessary to assign sex to buried bones on the basis of vague differences in the structures of the bones. In particular, archaeologists are now reviewing their preconceptions about the meaning of the objects buried in a grave along with the body. It was thought that if a body was accompanied by a sword then it must be male, or if the grave contained beads then the body was female. The fossil evidence reveals that hominids first migrated out of Africa over one million years ago, but these were not modern humans. Instead it was an earlier species called Homo erectus, who were the first hominids to become geographically dispersed, eventually spreading to all parts of the Old World. There may have been a certain amount of interbreeding between humans from different geographical regions but, to a large extent, these various populations remained separate throughout their evolutionary history. The resulting data were then used to construct a phylogenetic tree showing the evolutionary relationships between different human populations. Because of this split, it was inferred that the ancestor was also located in Africa. This conclusion was drawn by applying the molecular clock to the phylogenetic tree. The key finding that mitochondrial Eve lived in Africa no earlier than 290,000 years ago does not agree with the suggestion that we are all descended from H. Modern humans then moved into the rest of the Old World between 100,000 and 50,000 years ago, displacing the descendents of H. An interesting complement has been provided by studies of the Y chromosome which, of course, descends exclusively through the male line. This work has revealing that "Y chromosome Adam" also lived in Africa between 40,000 and 140,000 years ago. Therefore, one prediction of the Out of Africa hypothesis is that Neanderthals are not the ancestors of modern Europeans. The first Neanderthal specimen selected for study was the type specimen, which had been found in Germany in the 19th century. This fossil has not been precisely dated but is between 30,000 and 100,000 years old. The Neanderthal sequence was positioned on a branch of its own, connected to the root of the tree but not linked directly to any of the modern human sequences (Figure 16. This was the first evidence suggesting that Neanderthals are not ancestral to modern Europeans. This degree of difference is incompatible with the notion that modern Europeans are descended from Neanderthals. The results therefore provide an independent proof of the Out of Africa hypothesis, and show that, at least for Europe, the multiregional model is incorrect.
In laboratories that identify gonococcal isolates infrequently, it is advisable to use a commercially available kit that provides full identification. No test is 100% sensitive and specific so, if resources are available, it is currently recommended that clinical isolates of N. It is essential to perform this test using a pure culture; this may necessitate at least one subculture resulting in a longer turnaround time for confirming the identification than more rapid tests described below. The rapid detection of preformed enzymes also requires a pure culture (which should always be taken from non-selective medium), but does not require overnight incubation for the test and provides faster results. For all these tests, it is important to follow the instructions from the manufacturer precisely. Includes biovars subflava, flava, and perflava, which differ in their activity against saccharose and fructose. A change to a blue colour indicates there is hydrolysis of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-galactoside by -galactosidase, which is indicative of N. A yellow colour indicates hydrolysis of -glutamyl-paranitroanilide by -glutamyl aminopeptidase, which is a characteristic of N. In the absence of a colour change, the primary lid is removed and replaced by the secondary lid, which has a diazo dye (colour developer) incorporated and the tube inverted. However, a combination of carbohydrate utilization and detection of preformed enzymes, which is commercially available in rapid kits, gives a more reliable identification. A profile number is produced and the identification obtained by comparison with a database (paper or online). Furthermore, every time the species confirmative assay is performed, the same reference strains should be included as controls. However, the cost per species-verified isolate is low and the method is easy to perform and very rapid. These assays may be performed directly with colonies on the selective isolation plate and do not require the use of a pure subculture. This means that an isolate can be identified at least 24 hours earlier than is possible with the rapid carbohydrate or enzyme substrate assays. These antibodies are absorbed, via their Fc segment, onto protein A from Staphylococcus aureus and when mixed with gonococcal antigen, agglutination occurs. This test has a high sensitivity and specificity but is a mixture of specific antibodies rather than a single antibody to a conserved antigen. A thin smear of four or five colonies is emulsified in distilled water on a microscope slide, fixed, and covered with the reagent. This test also was highly sensitive and specific and could be used directly on primary isolation media but has unfortunately recently been discontinued. When the culture is emulsified in the solubilising buffer, the outer membrane of the organism is stripped off, releasing the PorB-containing complexes into solution. These released PorB complexes then are captured by the antibody/metal-sol particles. The sample/reagent mixture then is filtered through the special matrix device; the PorB antibody/metal-sol complexes are held back by the matrix, resulting in a red spot. Antibody/metal-sol particles that have not bound PorB will pass through the matrix giving a negative result (white to pale pink ring). In addition, the identical reference strains should be included each time the method is performed. This allows both a greater number of patients to be seen in a clinic or primary care setting as well as providing the prerequisites for effective screening. This can be facilitated by the creation and support of regional reference laboratories that can provide diagnostic services using these methods.
Arthropod-borne virus: Chikungunya Virus Refer to instructions in Arbovirus Travel-Associated Panel 443-681-3936/3931 Negative: No detectable IgM antibody, the result does not rule out Chikungunya virus infection. Synonym: Laboratory/Phone: Results and Interpretation: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Comment: Guide to Public Health Laboratory Services December 2020 edition v2. This test is limited to medico-legal specimens: cervical, rectal, male urethral; and noncervical, non-rectal, and non-male urethral specimens. Diagnostic, qualitative detection of Chlamydia Cell culture A negative result does not exclude the possibility of infection. Do not use ChlamTrans if leakage, evaporation, contamination or pH changes are apparent. This culture confirmation kit will yield positive results with all Chlamydia trachomatis types as well as other Chlamydial species but will not differentiate between them. Grossly hemolyzed specimens, unlabeled specimen, leaking container, insufficient volume, mismatch between labeling of specimen and test request form, specimen collected > 2 days prior to arrival without being frozen. Urine: Optimal quality specimen is 20-30 ml of "first of the void" urine collected in a plastic collection cup. Using a sterile transfer pipette, transfer 2 ml from cup into labeled Hologic urine transport tube, prefilled with 2. Mehsen Joseph Public Health Laboratory Specimen Volume (Minimum): Collect: Form: Packaging and Shipping*: Transport Conditions: Specimen Rejection Criteria: Availability: Results and Interpretation: Reference Range: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Swab: Tube, Prefilled with 2. The patient should not have urinated for at least 1 hour prior to specimen collection. Mehsen Joseph Public Health Laboratory Interfering Substances/Limitations: Testing Site: Comment: Interfering substances: None Limitations: Assay cannot determine specimen adequacy. Therapeutic failure or success cannot be determined with the Aptima Combo 2 Assay since nucleic acid may persist following appropriate antimicrobial therapy Only cell culture isolation should be used when testing for the evaluation of suggested sexual abuse or other medico-legal purposes. Therefore, a correlation cannot be drawn between the magnitude of a positive assay signal and the number of organisms in a specimen. Performance of this assay has not been evaluated for patients less than 14 years old. Vaginal self-collected specimens are not approved for home use or outside clinical setting. The presence of mucus inhibits the proper sampling of columnar epithelial cells in endocervical specimens. Botulism Office of Laboratory Emergency Preparedness and Response: 410-925-3121 (24/7 emergency contact number) Select Agents Microbiology Laboratory: 443-681-3954 Division of Microbiology Laboratory: 443-681-3952 3-7 days [from specimen receipt in the Laboratory] Suspected foodborne botulism cases: Suitable specimens for examination are: serum, feces, vomitus, gastric contents. Synonym: Laboratory/Phone: Turnaround Time: Specimen Required: Specimen Identification: Specimen Volume (Optimum): Specimen Volume (Minimum): Collect: Form: Packaging and Shipping*: Transport Conditions: Serum: Transport to the Laboratory on wet ice or cold packs. Mehsen Joseph Public Health Laboratory Specimen Rejection Criteria: Availability: Results and Interpretation: Additional Information: the following rejection criteria are designed to prevent the reporting of inaccurate results and to avoid misleading information that might lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapy. Botulism Office of Laboratory Emergency Preparedness and Response: 410-925-3121 (24/7 emergency contact number) Select Agents Microbiology Laboratory: 443-681-3954 Division of Microbiology Laboratory: 443-681-3952 3-30 days [from specimen receipt in the Laboratory] Suspected infant botulism cases: Suitable specimens: Stool, rectal swabs (not necessary to collect serum. Stool: 10-50 grams (English walnut size) N/A Stool: Collect in a sterile, well-sealed, unbreakable container. Continued Next Page> Page 48 of 138 Synonym: Laboratory/Phone: Turnaround Time: Specimen Required: Specimen Identification: Specimen Volume (Optimum): Specimen Volume (Minimum): Collect: Form: Guide to Public Health Laboratory Services December 2020 edition v2. If an unavoidable delay of several days is anticipated, the specimen should be kept frozen and then packed in an insulated container with dry ice and proper cushioning material for shipment. Specimens obtained too early in the infection may not contain detectable antibody levels. Packaging and Shipping*: Transport Conditions: Availability: Results and Interpretation: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Guide to Public Health Laboratory Services December 2020 edition v2. Grossly hemolyzed, icteric, or lipemic specimens, unlabeled specimens, leaking container, insufficient volume, mismatch between labeling of specimen and test request form, specimen collected > 7 days prior to arrival without being frozen. Page 52 of 138 Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Interfering Substances: Testing Site: Comment: Guide to Public Health Laboratory Services December 2020 edition v2. Arthropod-borne virus: Dengue Fever Refer to instructions in Arbovirus Travel-Associated Panel 443-681-3936/3931 Negative: No detectable IgM antibody, the result does not rule out Dengue virus infection.
Autonomic dysfunction: Abnormal pupil response (cannot focus), Constipation, Impotence, Orthostatic hypotension (dizzy feeling on standing up), Sweating abnormalities Brainstem encephalitis: Dizziness, spinning feeling (Vertigo), difficulty swallowing, No eye movements (Opthalmopelgia), eyes move back and forth (Oscillopsia), slurred speech (Dysarthria) Cerebellar degeneration: Dysarthria, Clumsy Gait (ataxia), jerky eyes (Nystagmus). Opsoclonus/myoclonus: Myoclonic (brief, shock-like muscle spasms), and Opsoclonus (irregular, rapid eye movements). Retinopathy Night vision problems, Photosensitivity, Visual loss, Sensory neuropathy: Numbness in the feet, ankles & knees, deafness, pain similar to described under tabes-dorsalis, altered taste and smell. Use a course of Doxycycline or Silver Colloid as mentioned in the antibiotic section and Silver colloid section. Please use Turemeric as a antiinflammatory details in the herbal section, electronic zapper is helpful please see the electronic section. Muscle relaxation may be difficult especially after physical activity involving the particular muscle. Continuous activity in the motor neurons activates the peripheral nerve fibers that activate these fine muscle movements. Symptoms of NeuroMyotonia: Which include progressive muscle stiffness, continuous vibrating or twitching muscles, cramping, increased sweating, and delayed muscle relaxation, occurs even during sleep or when patients are under general anesthesia. Many patients develop reduced reflexes and muscle pain, but numbness is relatively uncommon. In most patients stiffness is most prominent in limb and trunk muscles, they have difficulty walking and continuous rippling in muscles of upper and lower limbs is seen. Speech and breathing may be affected if pharyngeal or laryngeal muscles are involved. Involuntary flexion of ring and little finger with associated pain in the elbows is also seen. Blood counts, chemistry, thyroid profile, Rh factor need to be checked and are usually normal. Treatment of NeuroMyotonia: Steroids with Doxycycline are first line of treatment. The name "Moyamoya" means "puff of smoke" in Japanese and describes the tiny vessels formed to compensate for the blocked arteries. Symptoms of Moyamoya: Visual problems, weakness, numbness and difficulty speaking, seizures and paralysis. Antiphospholipid antibodies can be present, Vitamin B1, B6, B12, and Homocysteine levels should be checked, and vitamin levels can be low with high homocysteine levels suggesting inflammation. Protein-C and its cofactor, protein-S need to be checked as they can be low and cause excessive blood clotting. Treatment of Moyamoya: Warfarin and Heparin anticoagulation helps reverse disease progression if anticardiolipin antibodies are found. In patients with Moyamoya disease, nicardipine has a beneficial effect on cerebral blood flow and may prevent mini strokes by increasing blood circulation in postoperative patients. Autoimmune Migraine: Migraine affects 35 million Americans, most of whom are women. Migraine is preceded or accompanied by a sensory warning signs called a (aura), such as flashes of light, blind spots, smell or tingling in your arm or leg. A migraine headache can follow with signs and symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light and sound. Migraine and epileptic seizure disorders are interrelated and like other autoimmune diseases migraines happen more in women. Some women with Takayasu-disease "pulseless disease" and Lupus present with migraine, as their first symptom. These patients have anti-phospholipids antibodies and at times the migraine will only respond to steroids or cyclophosphamide. General symptoms of Migraine: One sided throbbing head pain which worsens with physical movement. Nausea, Vomiting Twisted shining lines in front of the eye sometimes without a headache. Anti nuclear antibodies and antiphospholipid antibodies are checked to look for lupus. Treatment: Prednisone 100mg I/V is given in severe cases, oral treatment from 40 mg a day can be started and tapered over two weeks.
Da Zao (Jujube). Atorvastatin.
Source: http://www.rxlist.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=96108
State Family or Youth Leader (Optional) Name Title Address 1 Address 2 City/State/Zip Telephone Extension Email mary@familyfiesnv. Priority Need Improve preconception health among adolescents and women of childbearing age Increase percent of infants who are ever breastfed and percent of infants breastfed exclusively through six months Increase the percent of children aged 10 through 71 months receiving developmental screening Increase the percent of children, adolescents and women of child bearing age who are physically active Increase the percent of adolescents and women of child bearing age who have access to healthcare services Promote establishment of a medical home for children Prevent and reduce tobacco use among adolescents, pregnant women and women of child bearing age Increase the percent of adequately insured children Rationale if priority need does not have a corresponding State or National Performance/Outcome Measure 2. Please add a field level note to explain when and how data will be available for tracking this outcome measure. Field Name: Column Name: 2016 State Provided Data Field Note: Data are for Nevada Residents only. Field Name: Column Name: 2017 State Provided Data Field Note: Late prenatal care is care beginning in the third trimester. Field Name: Column Name: 2016 State Provided Data Field Note: Data provided are for percent of repeat teen births. Repeat teen births include previous live births and previous live but dead births. Field Name: Column Name: 2017 State Provided Data Field Note: 2017 data are preliminary and subject to change. Field Name: Column Name: 2016 State Provided Data Field Note: Substance use includes: smoking, drinking, and drug use during pregnancy. Drug use includes all mothers who self-reported as having used: cocaine, heroin, illicit drugs, unspecified drugs, marijuana, meth/amphetamines, opiates, and polysubstance (multiple substances). Field Name: Column Name: 2017 State Provided Data Field Note: Substance use during pregnancy includes: smoking, alcohol use and drug use including all mothers who selfreported as having used: cocaine, heroin, illicit drugs, unspecified drugs, marijuana, meth/amphetamines, opiates, and polysubstance (multiple substances). Field Name: Column Name: 2017 State Provided Data Field Note: Data provided September submission is for 2017. Teen pregnancy data for 2017 was not available in July, 2018 for the initial submission. Field Name: Column Name: 2017 State Provided Data Field Note: Number increased as more partners share information regarding 2-1-1. Measure Status: Active State Provided Data 2017 Annual Objective Annual Indicator Numerator Denominator Data Source Data Source Year Provisional or Final Tracking of data to help prevent repeat teen births helps programs across the state see impacts of their programs and the need for continuation of health education their programs need to sustain or develop. To reach optimal health, substance free mothers can help achieve a healthier outcome for their babies, potentially avoiding adverse birth outcomes. Awareness and availability of services is crucial to help provide appropriate resources and access to treatment for alcohol, smoking, and drug use. Although teenage pregnancy rates are reducing in Nevada, disparities exist among at-risk populations. Tracking of data to help prevent teenage pregnancies will help programs across the state see the impacts of their programs and the need for continuation of health education. Number of birthing facilities in Nevada (19) Percentage 100 Definition: Denominator: Unit Type: Unit Number: Data Sources and Data Issues: Significance: Data Source: Nevada Statewide Breastfeeding Program. Birth facilities that have achieved Baby Friendly designation typically experience an increase in breastfeeding rates. In addition, mothers experiencing none of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding during their stay were eight times as likely to stop breastfeeding before 6 weeks compared to those experiencing five out of the ten steps. These findings emphasize the value of having hospitals acquire Baby Friendly designation. In the future, the data should allow us to see the developmental status of children by age and program. Numerator: Number of unique visitors to Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Section social media and marketing materials including physical activity and healthy lifestyle messages for parents and caregivers of children ages 6-11. With parents and care-givers increasingly on social media, the reach of this campaign is expected to grow. The English and Spanish messages generated for this ongoing campaign were field tested with adolescents. Getting an annual well-visit provides an opportunity for adolescents to discuss and address any of these issues in a timely fashion. The family/patient is able to access coordinated care from specialists, receive education, family support and other community services to improve their health and wellbeing. It is a valuable resource for families, physicians and medical home teams, and other professionals and caregivers. Smoking during pregnancy is a public health problem because of the many adverse effects associated with it.
The A-Mab process has been successfully run in bioreactors from 2 L to 15,000 L working volumes and various design configurations. The primary design parameters described earlier (aspect ratio, impeller design and number, baffles, addition port location, and sparger design) were verified during A-Mab process scale-up from 500 L to 5000 L and 15,000 L bioreactors to ensure that the bioreactors could support the A-Mab process. Of particular interest is the process performance of the 5K bioreactor; where the average titer was approximately 15% lower than in the 15K commercial scale. These results demonstrate the design space defined using scale-down data accurately predicts performance at various operational scales. Demonstration of scalability and Design Space for A-Mab by execution of 2 batches at the intended commercial scale (15K) 4. This knowledge is expressed in 2 multivariate models: 1) a model based on scale-independent parameters that serves as the basis for the design space and 2) a model based on the interactions between engineering and bioreactor design considerations at different scales that serves as the basis for an engineering design space. Data at the 2 L scale down model and 5K clinical manufacturing scale provided assurance that the commercial process is robust and consistently delivers product with the right quality. The proposal for process qualification at 15K scale is a departure from the traditional 3-batch process validation approach. Data from 2 batches at the 15K scale were used to demonstrate the validity of the design space at the intended commercial manufacturing scale. Results showed that product quality and process performance were within the desired acceptance criteria (Table 3. Confirm Design Space: Confirm that process performance at 15K was within model predictions for scale-independent design space (pH, temp, etc) Confirm engineering design space for A-Mab by including data from 15K scale of operations Complete comparability analysis for product made at 1000L, 5000L and 15,000L scales the 2 batches are the start of the continuous process verification process and part of the lifecycle approach to validation 2. This multivariate batch modeling technique maps the dynamic nature of the batch process characterizing the design space and identifying process boundaries. Real-time monitoring assures consistent manufacturing and provides early trend detection. Thus, the scale-up to the 25K bioreactor is considered a movement within the engineering design space. If they do not then equipment modifications and/or changes in operational parameters would be considered to bring the bioreactor operation within the approved engineering design space. Fabrication and use of a transient contraction flow device to quantify the sensitivity of mammalian and insect cells to hydrodynamic forces. A Bayesian approach for multiple response surface optimization in the presence of noise variables. A Bayesian reliability approach to multiple response optimization with seemingly unrelated regression models. Finding design space and a reliable operating region using a multivariate Bayesian approach with experimental design. It has been used for the production of commercially licensed antibodies and the supply of multiple clinical studies. The large body of knowledge derived from this experience has demonstrated that the downstream process is robust and consistently produces Drug Substance of acceptable yield and quality. This extensive process experience therefore reduced the amount of process optimization studies required for the A-Mab downstream process. Each unit operation leverages this prior knowledge to guide process characterization studies and support a design space proposal. This prior knowledge also justifies that no additional virus spiking studies are necessary for the A-Mab low-pH treatment step. Platform process and prior knowledge obviate need to conduct optimization studies. Specifically, this section includes discussion of the following QbD approaches: Through risk assessments, use of the extensive prior knowledge that is available for the downstream process to identify parameters that could impact product quality and process performance for each process step. This information is used to guide the design of multivariate and univariate process characterization studies for A-Mab. The use of scale-down models for process characterization studies to define design space. Defining parameters for the process design space based on viral clearance considerations.
In addition to making you perspire and removing toxins from your body, Far Infrared Heat Therapy serves as a means of - 63 - weight loss and cellulite reduction for those who cannot exercise due to health concerns or mobility issues. If you do not purchase the unit then go outside early in the morning and late in the evening to get the natural exposure. Just remember to use the infrared light from the morning and evening sun daily and ofcourse give thanks to God for these free gifts. Those who suffer from skin diseases, especially loss of pigment as in Vitiligo, just need to go stand in the early morning and afternoon rays of Red Sun. I have used a Infra Red Light bulb in my clinic for pain relief and it has helped many patients overcome severe pain. There is intense heat generated by these lights and this helps to relax the muscles helps relieve pain. Chapter 12 Oxygenation Therapies Hydrogen Peroxide the Miracle therapy When ever there was a rainfall I used to wonder why does the entire environment look beautiful, clean smell, breating is better, energy levels go up. It thought and researched, looked into lightning to see if some electronic forces were being generated. Then read in the Quran, "When I make the rainfall it makes the dead earth come alive. What is in the rain water that makes the dead earth come alive, as the rain falls and passes through the ozone layer, the unstable ozone easily gives up a ozygen molecule to water and the water becomes H202. Simply H20 + 0 = H202 Just build a small ozone unit and then pass water through it and you have H202 Anyway it is sold for just 50 cents a bottle why invest $ 25 in a ozone generator. Even the ozone generator can be built for under a dollar with a junk neon light transformer. I have used hydrogen peroxide on women daily on their arms and after a while all their arm hair fell off. So please do not use it over your hair or eye lashes unless you want to remove them permanently. You can purchase 6% hydrogen peroxide and apply this to your unwanted hair and it will remove them completely after repeated application. For internal use its best to purchase the food grade hydrogen peroxide and then dilute it to 3% and then use it, otherwise it will cause severe burns. Many of my patients have used the 3% non food grade and I have too, and not had any problems. Dental & Gum disease & Hydrogen Peroxide 3%: Swish your teeth and gums in 3% hydrogen peroxide and you will get sparkling white teeth in a week. Use a mixture of baking soda with the 3% Hydrogen peroxide to get rid of almost all dental and gum diseases. If you swish your teeth with Hydrogen peroxide at night you will wake up in the morning with fresh breath and no smells. Using Hydrogen peroxide and baking soda will stop the usual gum atrophy that you get by using the your toothpastes. Best of all you do not have to use any flossing, or any toothpaste just Hydrogen peroxide and mix it with some baking powder. Any type of fungal nail or skin infection can be removed by the one dollar Hydrogen peroxide sold in Walgreens. Just rub the hydrogen peroxide twice a day on the area of allergy, infection or wound. Medical problems any type any disease: Food Grade 35% Hydrogen Peroxide (keep away from children and Handel with care) If you get Food Grade 35% Hydrogen Peroxide then Take 3 drops of the hydrogen peroxide in a glass of water and drink this twice a day, slowly people increase the drops 6-7 in a glass of water. Hydrogen peroxide taken by mouth as described is known as oxygenation therapy and will help all medical problems. There are many physicians who use H202 in place of antibiotics and there are some who inject this. Hydrogen peroxide is excellent to put in the ears, just take 3cc and with a dropper place in the ear, while the person is lying on their side, leave the person in this position for 5 minutes and then do the other ear. In once case of acute deafness the patient become normal instantly after using hydrogen peroxide. In another case of chronic deafness, this person had been on hearing aids for many years, his deafness has completely cleared up and he does not need hearing aids.
Specialty chemicals are higher in value and are designed to fulfil specific functions. Given the relatively lower investment needed, a larger number of smaller companies can operate in this segment. Chemical processing and product manufacturing in downstream facilities is connected to innumerable product manufacturers in sectors such as agriculture, construction and electronics. The global value chain of the chemical industry is complex and highly integrated globally the linkages among chemical manufacturers and their suppliers and downstream customers are often complex and heavily integrated. Customers may be global, often located in several countries or on different continents. In addition, a change in market conditions for one high-volume chemical can have important economic implications for many other chemicals, including those co-produced as by-products and others manufactured downstream. Emerging economies are strengthening their position in higher-value markets Value chains are governed by global markets that regulate the processing, distribution and formulation of chemicals. The liberalization of these markets, combined with production, logistics and information technology innovations, have decentralized chemical production and decreased costs (Nicita et al. These developments have presented opportunities for low-income countries to participate in the globalized market. While the chemical industries in most emerging economies are still focused on producing bulk chemicals, some seek to move up the value chain by strengthening their position in the market for intermediates and specialty products. A study on the role of the Philippines in the global chemical industry found that in 2014 basic and commodity chemicals accounted for more than two-thirds of chemical exports (Bamber, Frederick and Gereffi 2016). However, some firms had started to enter the market for intermediate and specialty chemicals. Emerging countries also play a growing role in manufacturing products for key end markets which are chemical-intensive. The chemical dimension of global resource flows Manufactured chemicals are an integral part of the sourced, generated and stored materials flowing through the global economy. The Outlook assumes that under a historical trends scenario, this will reach 190 billion tonnes 30 PartI the evolving chemicals economy: status and trends relevant for sustainability Figure 1. The 2019 Circularity Gap Report notes that materials use has almost tripled since 1970 (Figure 1. Each of these sectors is chemical-intensive in terms of both production processes and products, ranging from asbestos used in steel beams, to pesticides in agriculture, to heavy metals in batteries, to parabens in cosmetics. To date, the overarching formula has been that as societal needs increase, so does consumption of chemicals. The chemical industry plays an important role in turning raw materials and feedstocks into valuable products. It therefore performs a key function in the global system of production and consumption and is one of the drivers of resource extraction, together with chemicalintensive sectors. Each of these sectors is chemical-intensive in terms of both production processes and products, which range from asbestos used in steel beams, to pesticides in agriculture, to heavy metals in batteries, to parabens in cosmetics. In a single year (2015) almost 1,700 million tonnes of feedstocks and secondary reactants were used in this sector to produce 820 million tonnes of chemical products, while also generating almost the same amount of by-products. The transformation of feedstocks and reactants into chemical products and secondary products also has a qualitative dimension. In the process of chemical production new compounds are created, in some cases with new or increased hazards. Chlorine chemistry, for example, turns basic feedstocks such as salt and water, together with other chemicals, into useful products such as water purification chemicals. At the same time, chlorine and many chlorine derivatives, as well as chemicals used in related production processes. The industry accounts for approximately 10 per cent of global energy demand, or 30 per cent of total industrial energy demand, worldwide. These feedstocks were transformed through various stages of upstream and downstream production to produce 820 Mt of chemical products. Around 34 per cent of this output consists of nitrogen fertilizers and around 27 per cent of thermoplastics. The chemical industry has made efforts to reduce energy consumption and to invest in energy conservation. Chemical production continues to rely on oil, natural gas and coal Fossil fuels (oil, gas and coal) are the feedstocks for basic petrochemicals and the source of the large amount of energy needed to manufacture most chemical products (Figure 1.
Non-sterile or leaking container Inappropriate specimen transport conditions Illegible, or no submitter information on the request form Broken specimen/sample container the wrong specimen for test request Inappropriate outfit for requested test Illegible or no patient information on the specimen Expired transport media Regan-Lowe media not used Media expired Specimen frozen Unlabeled specimen or name discrepancy between specimen and request label Prolonged delay in transport (usually more than 72 hours) Monday through Friday Positive: B. Packaging and Shipping: Specimen Rejection Criteria: Availability: Results and Interpretation: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Interfering Substances: Testing Site: Comment: Specimen from patients vaccinated against B. Patients with early stages of infection or who have undergone antibiotic therapy may not produce measurable IgG/IgM antibodies. Current Laboratory testing for Lyme Disease can be problematic and standard laboratory tests often result in false negative and false positive results, and if done too early, you may not have produced enough antibodies to be considered positive because your immune response requires time to develop antibodies. If you are tested for Lyme Disease and the results are negative, this does not necessarily mean you do not have Lyme Disease. Office of Laboratory Emergency Preparedness and Response: 410-925-3121 (24/7 emergency contact number) Select Agents Microbiology Laboratory: 443-681-3954 Division of Microbiology Laboratory: 443-681-3952 Guide to Public Health Laboratory Services December 2020 edition v2. N/A N/A Continued Next Page> Turnaround Time: Specimen Required: Specimen Identification: Specimen Volume (Optimum): Specimen Volume (Minimum): Guide to Public Health Laboratory Services December 2020 edition v2. Specimens should be inoculated into appropriate culture media within two (2) hours of collection. Specimen Rejection Criteria Availability: Results and Interpretation: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Interfering Substances: Testing Site: Comment: Blood Cultures: Transport at room temperature. Tissue: Transport at room temperature, adding several drops of sterile normal saline to keep tissues moist for immediate processing. Isolates: Transport at room temperature on a sealed sheep blood agar plate or slant. Mehsen Joseph Public Health Laboratory Specimen Required: Specimen Identification: Specimen Volume (Optimum): Specimen Volume (Minimum): Collect: Form: Packaging and Shipping*: Blood: Collect blood specimens before antibiotics are administered. Urine Abscesses, tissue aspirates, body fluids: Collect tissues and fluids rather than swabs, when possible. Blood: Collect appropriate blood volume and number of sets as per routine laboratory protocol. Specimen Rejection Criteria: Availability: Results and Interpretation: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Interfering Substances: Testing Site: Comment: Blood: Transport at room temperature. Urine: Transport in a sterile, well-sealed container chilled using wet ice or cold packs. Unlabeled or improperly labeled specimen Non-sterile or leaking container Inappropriate specimen transport conditions Illegible, or no submitter information on the request form Mismatched form and specimen Broken specimen/sample container the wrong specimen for test request Inappropriate outfit for requested test Illegible or no patient information on the specimen Expired transport media 24 hours/day, 7 days/week B. Specimen Volume (Optimum): Specimen Volume (Minimum): Collect: Form: Packaging and Shipping*: Transport Conditions: Specimen Rejection Criteria: Availability: Results and Interpretation: Reference Range: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Interfering Substances: Testing Site: Comment: Unpreserved, shipped in insulated container with freezer pack the following rejection criteria are designed to prevent the reporting of inaccurate results and to avoid misleading information that might lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapy. The Clostridium difficile toxin test is used to diagnose antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis that is caused by C. Indicate specimen type using the "Specimen Code" on form Specimens must be packaged in a triple packaging system to ensure that under normal conditions of transport they cannot break, be punctured or leak their contents (Refer to pages 9 & 10 for triple packing guidance). Specimen Volume (Optimum): Specimen Volume (Minimum): Collect: Form: Packaging and Shipping*: Transport Conditions: Specimen Rejection Criteria: Availability: Results and Interpretation: Reference Range: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Interfering Substances: Testing Site: Comment: Store and ship at the ambient temperature the following rejection criteria are designed to prevent the reporting of inaccurate results and to avoid misleading information that might lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapy. Isolate submitted should be a pure culture of an Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeriginosa, or Acintobacter baumanii complex that displays characteristics of a carbapenem resistant organism (Intermediate or Resistant to one or multiple of the carbapenems, positive for carbapenemase production, or carries a detected carbapenemase gene). Specimen Identification: Specimen Volume (Optimum): Specimen Volume (Minimum): Collect: Form: Packaging and Shipping*: Transport Conditions: Specimen Rejection Criteria: Availability: Results and Interpretation: Reference Range: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Method: Interfering Substances: Testing Site: Comment: Store and ship at ambient temperature the following rejection criteria are designed to prevent the reporting of inaccurate results and to avoid misleading information that might lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapy. Mehsen Joseph Public Health Laboratory Specimen Rejection Criteria: Availability: Results and Interpretation: Additional Information: Purpose of Test: Methods: Interfering Substances: Testing Site: Comment: Grossly hemolyzed specimens, unlabeled specimen, leaking container, insufficient volume, mismatch between labeling of specimen and test request form, specimen collected > 5 days prior to arrival without being frozen. An additional sample should be tested within 7-14 days if early infection is suspected. Positive: Presence of detectable IgM antibody, presumptive infection with Dengue virus. N/A N/A Swab infected areas thoroughly, getting swab well into membranes or other lesions present. Continued Next Page> Page 53 of 138 Guide to Public Health Laboratory Services December 2020 edition v2. Transport Conditions: Specimen Rejection Criteria: Room temperature the following rejection criteria are designed to prevent the reporting of inaccurate results and to avoid misleading information that might lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapy.
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